Fujiie S., Ramond T. Scattering matrix and resonances associated with a heteroclinic orbit. (251K, Postscript, gzipped, uuencoded) ABSTRACT. We study the semiclassical resonances for a 1 dimensional Schr\"odinger equation when the potential presents exactly two maxima of the same level on the real axis. We compute the asymptotic expansion of the scattering matrix in the semiclassical regime, for energies $E$ which may depend on $h$ in a complex vicinity of the critical level. Quantization conditions are obtained for the resonances, and we describe very precisely their location.