Bolte Jens Periodic Orbits in Arithmetical Chaos (56K, LaTeX) ABSTRACT. Length spectra of periodic orbits are investigated for some chaotic dynamical systems whose quantum energy spectra show unexpected statistical properties and for which the notion of arithmetical chaos has been introduced recently. These systems are defined as the unconstrained motions of particles on two dimensional surfaces of constant negative curvature whose fundamental groups are given by number theoretical statements (arithmetic Fuchsian groups). It is shown that the mean multiplicity of lengths l of periodic orbits grows asymptotically like c*exp(l/2)/l, for large l. Moreover, the constant c (depending on the arithmetic group) is determined.