Ph. A. Jacquet and C.-A. Pillet
Temperature and voltage probes far from equilibrium}
(331K, pdf)

ABSTRACT.  We consider an open system of non-interacting electrons consisting of a 
small sample connected to several reservoirs and temperature or voltage probes. We study the non-linear system of equations that determines the probe parameters. We show that it has a unique solution, which can be computed with a fast converging iterative algorithm. We illustrate our method with two well-known models: the three-terminal system and the open Aharovov-Bohm interferometer.