Nils Berglund
Kramers' law: Validity, derivations and generalisations
(436K, PDF)

ABSTRACT.  Kramers' law describes the mean transition time of an overdamped Brownian particle between local minima in a potential landscape. We review 
different approaches that have been followed to obtain a mathematically rigorous proof of this formula. We also discuss some generalisations, and a case in which Kramers' law is not valid. This review is written for both mathematicians and theoretical physicists, and endeavours to link concepts and terminology from both fields.